The main differences between hydraulic and electric power steering systems are vast.
Hydraulic Power Steering (HPS)
Uses pressurized hydraulic fluid to provide steering assistance. Has more mechanical components like pumps, hoses, and hydraulic cylinders. Draws power from the engine via a belt-driven hydraulic pump. The main differences between hydraulic and electric power steering systems are vast.
Electric Power Steering (EPS)
Uses an electric motor to provide steering assistance instead of hydraulic fluid. Has fewer moving parts and is simpler in design. Draws power from the vehicle's electrical system (battery/alternator). Provides less road feedback and a more isolated steering feel. Requires less maintenance as there is no fluid to change or leaks to check. More energy-efficient as it only draws power when steering assistance is needed.
Other Key Differences
EPS systems are lighter in weight compared to HPS systems. EPS allows for advanced features like automatic parking assist and variable steering effort. HPS provides a more direct and "connected" feel to the road, preferred by driving enthusiasts. EPS is gradually replacing HPS in modern vehicles due to better efficiency and lower maintenance.
While hydraulic power steering offers better steering feel and feedback, electric power steering is more efficient, requires less maintenance, and enables advanced driver assistance features, making it the preferred choice for most modern vehicles. Requires periodic maintenance like fluid changes and checking for leaks.
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